FAQs

The two-stroke cycle provides the optimal mechanical foundation for integrating advanced ceramic materials and implementing PMC (Porous Media Combustion). It requires no conventional valvetrain and no poppet valves intruding into the combustion chamber—making it ideal for high-efficiency, ultra low emissions operation when combined with direct injection. It also enables reductions of displacement and cylinder count by half without sacrificing output or firing frequency. Crucially, it remains closely related to established engine technology—ensuring that its development and industrialization pose no major hurdles.

DUETEC is a true high-tech powerplant—fundamentally different from conventional two-strokes and, in fact, far superior to any engine technology known to date. It’s as close as it gets to a ceramic engine. Think of the leap carbon-ceramic brakes made in brake technology—how effortlessly they perform. DUETEC represents a similar quantum leap in engine design.

PMC (Porous Media Combustion) stabilizes the flame inside a thermally robust, lattice-like ceramic structure. It enables ultra-lean burn, dramatically improves thermal efficiency, and keeps combustion temperatures well below 1500°C. The result: near-zero emissions—even without exhaust aftertreatment. It’s essentially a thermal reactor and catalytic converter built right into the combustion chamber. CPM is one of the core technologies behind DUETEC’s unmatched efficiency and performance.

Traditional two-stroke engines can’t be effectively boosted because their intake and exhaust ports are open simultaneously, causing pressurized air to escape before combustion—making turbo- or supercharging virtually useless. DUETEC solves this with a novel rotary valve system that fully controls gas exchange, allowing it to retain boost pressure just like a modern four-stroke engine.

No—absolutely no oil enters the cylinder. DUETEC isolates lubrication to the lower engine section (crankcase), starting from the lower edge of the piston. There’s no blow-by contamination or crankcase ventilation into the combustion chamber. The upper cylinder and combustion environment remain completely oil-free and are dry-lubricated by design. The result: clean combustion, zero oil consumption, and no hydrocarbon emissions from lubrication.

Not at all. The DUETEC engines will sound nothing like conventional two-strokes. Expect the DUETEC v4 to have a tone much like a high-revving, flat-plane crank V8 with aggressive timing—think F1’s V8 era. With a rev limit beyond 11,000 RPM and identical firing intervals to four-stroke engines with twice the cylinder count, the DUETEC sound profile will be sharp, clean, and unmistakable. The distinct, often unpleasant sound of traditional two-strokes comes from thin-walled resonance chambers, chaotic exhaust pressure waves, and combustion events occurring outside the cylinder. None of that applies here. DUETEC is in a different league—acoustically and mechanically.

Yes. While it leverages new technologies like CPM combustion and select ceramic internals, the engine’s core mechanical design is closely aligned with existing production capabilities. No exotic or unproven processes are required to scale DUETEC to mass production.

In comparison with conventional boosted four stroke engines, DUETEC targets twice the power density per displacement and cylinder count, and about three times the power density per mass. It’s designed for high-rev operation (11,000+ RPM).

Emissions are controlled at the source—through highly efficient, low-temperature lean combustion via CPM, an oil-free combustion environment, retention and re-burning of exhaust, direct injection, optional laser ignition, and intermittent non-combustion thermodynamic cycles. The engine meets all anticipated emissions regulations and is fully compatible with e-fuels.

DUETEC is designed primarily for high-end, performance-oriented hybrid drivetrains—both for on-road and on-track applications. Other applications are certainly possible, but their technical and economic viability would need to be evaluated on a case-by-case basis.

Only the old implementations. DUETEC brings the two-stroke concept into the 21st century, eliminating its historical weaknesses while exploiting its inherent advantages. Think of it as a reboot—not a throwback.